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کانون پژوهشهای ایرانشناسی - Pasargadae: Gate R
 
کانون پژوهشهای ایرانشناسی
 
 
Iranology Research: تاریخ، فرهنگ، استوره، دین، ادب و جشنهای ایران
 
In our sense of the word, there was no palace at Pasargadae. King Cyrus the Great (r.559-530) ordered the construction of several buildings in a park: an entrance hall ("Gate R"), an Audience Hall ("Palace S"), two pavilions (A and B), and a Residential Palace ("Palace P"). The ancient Iranian word is *paradaiza, "something surrounded by a wall", and our word "paradise" is derived from this original.

The building also contained a relief, showing a bearded man with four wings (a cherub, in other words), dressed in an Elamite garment, wearing an Egyptian crown. He is probably another apotropaic figure. One is reminded of the cherubs who, according to the Biblical book of Genesis (3.24) guarded the Garden of Eden.

Because there are many parallels for this type of apotropaic genius, the identification of this relief is not really problematic, but some confusion was caused by an inscription, known as CMc, that was once above the man's head. It was still visible in 1861 (when John Ussher made a drawing), but had disappeared fifteen years later, when K.F. Stulze visited the place. The text of the inscription was as follows:

Kûruš \ xšâyathiya \ vazraka \ Kabûjiya
hyâ \ xšâyathiyahyâ \ puça \ Haxâmanišiya \
thâtiy \ yathâ [...]
[... ...] akutâ [... ]

Cyrus the great king,
son of Cambyses the king, an Achaemenid
says: When [...] made [...]

This inscription, written in the Persian ("Aryan") cuneiform script that was designed for king Darius I the Great (r.522-486), led to theory that the man on the relief represented king Cyrus himself. A drawing that was inspired by the apotropaic relief, still illustrates many websites on the great conqueror.

 
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